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Maternal-Newborn Nursing Flashcards
| Front | Back |
| Define lochia and describe its progression | Vaginal discharge after birth; Lochia rubra: bright red (days 1-3); Lochia serosa: pinkish-brown (days 4-10); Lochia alba: yellowish-white (days 11-21) |
| Describe fundal height measurement and its significance | Distance from symphysis pubis to top of uterine fundus in centimeters; Should approximately equal gestational weeks between 20-36 weeks; Discrepancies may indicate IUGR, macrosomia, multiple gestation, or incorrect dates |
| Describe Leopold's maneuvers and their purpose | Four-step abdominal palpation technique to determine fetal presentation, position, and engagement; First: fundal grip; Second: umbilical grip; Third: pawlik grip; Fourth: pelvic grip |
| How is pregnancy-induced hypertension managed? | Bed rest, Frequent monitoring of BP, Proteinuria assessment, Antihypertensive medications, Magnesium sulfate for seizure prophylaxis, Possible early delivery |
| List the cardinal movements of labor | Engagement → Descent → Flexion → Internal rotation → Extension → External rotation → Expulsion |
| What are common causes of postpartum depression? | Hormonal changes, History of depression, Poor social support, Traumatic birth experience, Sleep deprivation, Unrealistic expectations |
| What are the 6 Ps of labor assessment? | Powers (contractions), Passage (pelvis), Passenger (fetus), Placenta, Psyche (maternal psychology), Position (maternal) |
| What are the components of a complete newborn assessment? | Vital signs, Apgar score, Physical examination, Reflexes, Weight/length/head circumference, Gestational age assessment |
| What are the indications for cesarean delivery? | Previous classical cesarean section, Placenta previa, Active genital herpes, Transverse fetal lie, Failed labor progress, Fetal distress, Certain maternal medical conditions |
| What are the normal vital sign parameters for a newborn? | Heart rate: 120-160 bpm; Respiratory rate: 30-60 breaths/min; Blood pressure: 65-95/30-60 mmHg; Temperature: 36.5-37.5°C (97.7-99.5°F) |
| What are the risk factors for gestational diabetes? | Advanced maternal age (>35), Obesity (BMI >30), Family history of diabetes, Previous GDM, Previous macrosomic infant, Certain ethnicities (Hispanic, African, Native American, South Asian) |
| What are the signs of effective breastfeeding? | Audible swallowing, Rhythmic sucking, Proper latch (lips flanged), Relaxed arms and hands, 8-12 feedings per day, 6-8 wet diapers daily |
| What are the stages of fetal development during the first trimester? | Weeks 1-4: Implantation and formation of embryonic disk; Weeks 5-8: Major organs begin to form; Weeks 9-12: Fetus begins to move and has detectable heartbeat. |
| What are the three stages of labor? | First stage: Dilation and effacement; Second stage: Birth of baby; Third stage: Delivery of placenta |
| What are the warning signs of preeclampsia? | Elevated blood pressure (≥140/90), Proteinuria, Edema, Headache, Visual disturbances, Epigastric pain, Decreased urinary output |
| What interventions should be implemented for postpartum hemorrhage? | Fundal massage, IV access, Fluid replacement, Oxytocin administration, Blood products as needed, Possible surgical intervention |
| What is APGAR scoring used for and when is it performed? | Used to evaluate newborn's physical condition; Performed at 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth; Assesses Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration on a scale of 0-2 each |
| What is the Bishop score used for? | To assess cervical readiness for labor induction; Evaluates dilation, effacement, station, consistency, and position |
| What is the normal range for fetal heart rate during labor? | 110-160 beats per minute |
| What is the normal weight gain recommendation during pregnancy for women with normal pre-pregnancy BMI? | 25-35 pounds (11.5-16 kg) |
| What is the significance of meconium-stained amniotic fluid? | May indicate fetal distress; Increases risk of meconium aspiration syndrome; Requires careful suctioning of infant's mouth and nose before first breath |
Front
What are the warning signs of preeclampsia?
Click the card to flip
Back
Elevated blood pressure (≥140/90), Proteinuria, Edema, Headache, Visual disturbances, Epigastric pain, Decreased urinary output
Front
How is pregnancy-induced hypertension managed?
Back
Bed rest, Frequent monitoring of BP, Proteinuria assessment, Antihypertensive medications, Magnesium sulfate for seizure prophylaxis, Possible early delivery
Front
What is the significance of meconium-stained amniotic fluid?
Back
May indicate fetal distress; Increases risk of meconium aspiration syndrome; Requires careful suctioning of infant's mouth and nose before first breath
Front
What are the indications for cesarean delivery?
Back
Previous classical cesarean section, Placenta previa, Active genital herpes, Transverse fetal lie, Failed labor progress, Fetal distress, Certain maternal medical conditions
Front
What are the three stages of labor?
Back
First stage: Dilation and effacement; Second stage: Birth of baby; Third stage: Delivery of placenta
Front
What are the signs of effective breastfeeding?
Back
Audible swallowing, Rhythmic sucking, Proper latch (lips flanged), Relaxed arms and hands, 8-12 feedings per day, 6-8 wet diapers daily
Front
What is the normal range for fetal heart rate during labor?
Back
110-160 beats per minute
Front
What are the components of a complete newborn assessment?
Back
Vital signs, Apgar score, Physical examination, Reflexes, Weight/length/head circumference, Gestational age assessment
Front
What are the risk factors for gestational diabetes?
Back
Advanced maternal age (>35), Obesity (BMI >30), Family history of diabetes, Previous GDM, Previous macrosomic infant, Certain ethnicities (Hispanic, African, Native American, South Asian)
Front
What is APGAR scoring used for and when is it performed?
Back
Used to evaluate newborn's physical condition; Performed at 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth; Assesses Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration on a scale of 0-2 each
Front
What are common causes of postpartum depression?
Back
Hormonal changes, History of depression, Poor social support, Traumatic birth experience, Sleep deprivation, Unrealistic expectations
Front
What is the normal weight gain recommendation during pregnancy for women with normal pre-pregnancy BMI?
Back
25-35 pounds (11.5-16 kg)
Front
Define lochia and describe its progression
Back
Vaginal discharge after birth; Lochia rubra: bright red (days 1-3); Lochia serosa: pinkish-brown (days 4-10); Lochia alba: yellowish-white (days 11-21)
Front
What are the stages of fetal development during the first trimester?
Back
Weeks 1-4: Implantation and formation of embryonic disk; Weeks 5-8: Major organs begin to form; Weeks 9-12: Fetus begins to move and has detectable heartbeat.
Front
What are the normal vital sign parameters for a newborn?
Back
Heart rate: 120-160 bpm; Respiratory rate: 30-60 breaths/min; Blood pressure: 65-95/30-60 mmHg; Temperature: 36.5-37.5°C (97.7-99.5°F)
Front
List the cardinal movements of labor
Back
Engagement → Descent → Flexion → Internal rotation → Extension → External rotation → Expulsion
Front
What is the Bishop score used for?
Back
To assess cervical readiness for labor induction; Evaluates dilation, effacement, station, consistency, and position
Front
Describe fundal height measurement and its significance
Back
Distance from symphysis pubis to top of uterine fundus in centimeters; Should approximately equal gestational weeks between 20-36 weeks; Discrepancies may indicate IUGR, macrosomia, multiple gestation, or incorrect dates
Front
What interventions should be implemented for postpartum hemorrhage?
Back
Fundal massage, IV access, Fluid replacement, Oxytocin administration, Blood products as needed, Possible surgical intervention
Front
Describe Leopold's maneuvers and their purpose
Back
Four-step abdominal palpation technique to determine fetal presentation, position, and engagement; First: fundal grip; Second: umbilical grip; Third: pawlik grip; Fourth: pelvic grip
Front
What are the 6 Ps of labor assessment?
Back
Powers (contractions), Passage (pelvis), Passenger (fetus), Placenta, Psyche (maternal psychology), Position (maternal)
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This deck encompasses antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum care, including fetal development, labor management, and newborn assessment.