A 28-year-old patient presents to the emergency department with a persistent cough, night sweats, and weight loss. The patient also reports recent travel to a country with high tuberculosis prevalence. Considering initial triage, what is the most appropriate immediate action for the nurse to take?
Isolate the patient and wear appropriate personal protective equipment before further evaluation.
Start the patient immediately on antitubercular medication as a precaution.
Conduct a complete physical exam and order a chest X-ray in the triage area.
Advise the patient to wear a surgical mask and wait in the general waiting area for a chest X-ray.
Isolating the patient is important to minimize exposure to others, as tuberculosis is a highly communicable airborne disease, and the symptoms described are strongly indicative of suspected active tuberculosis. Immediate isolation helps control the spread of the bacteria to patients and healthcare workers in the emergency setting, consistent with infection control protocols. Conducting further medical evaluation without isolation could result in spreading the disease. A complete physical and a chest X-ray are necessary but should be conducted in a controlled environment after the patient has been isolated. Starting antitubercular medication without definitive diagnosis could be inappropriate and potentially harmful.
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BCEN CEN
Environment and Toxicology Emergencies, and Communicable Diseases
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