A healthcare organization needs to implement a security solution at their network perimeter. The solution must differentiate access controls based on specific applications being used, integrate with their corporate directory for user authentication, and perform content inspection beyond simple port filtering. Which of the following would best address these requirements?
The correct answer is Next-Generation Firewall. Next-Generation Firewalls (NGFWs) combine traditional firewall capabilities with additional features that allow them to identify and control traffic based on application awareness rather than just ports and protocols. They can integrate with directory services to apply policies based on user identity and perform deep packet inspection to analyze traffic content.
A Layer 3 gateway operates primarily at the network layer, making decisions based on IP addresses and network protocols without application awareness or user identity integration. An application proxy can provide application-level filtering but typically lacks the integration with identity systems and comprehensive feature set of NGFWs. A stateful packet filter maintains information about the state of active connections but doesn't provide application awareness or user-based controls beyond basic network parameters.
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ISC2 CISSP
Communication and Network Security
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