The most effective method for validating data integrity in an incident response context is computing and comparing hash values, typically using algorithms like MD5 or SHA-256. This ensures that the data remains unchanged from its original state. While checksums and time stamps also provide some level of integrity checking, they are not as robust and trustworthy as cryptographic hashes.
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What are MD5 and SHA-256, and how do they differ?
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What are checksums and how do they relate to hash values?