While conducting a vulnerability assessment, a cybersecurity analyst needs to passively map out the services and devices on the target network to prevent alerting the network's intrusion detection systems. Which method would be most appropriate for this task?
Using Nmap to perform a service discovery scan
Sending ICMP echo requests ('ping') to enumerate live hosts
Performing ARP cache poisoning to map out the network
Analyzing data from Internet-wide search engines such as Shodan
Examining the information available from search engines and databases like Shodan provides a way to passively discover information about devices and services exposed to the Internet. Since the data is already available and doesn't require direct interaction with the target, it doesn't raise alerts on IDS. Conversely, ARP cache poisoning is an active network attack technique, and sending ICMP echo requests ('ping') or utilizing a tool like Nmap for service discovery involves generating traffic which can be detected by an IDS, making these methods inappropriate for passive discovery.
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Why is avoiding IDS alerts important during a vulnerability assessment?