An engineer is troubleshooting why neighbor adjacency between two routers running OSPFv2 over a serial link is stuck in the 'INIT' state. Both routers have the routing protocol enabled on their interfaces and are in area 0. The interfaces are active with IP addresses in the same subnet. What is the most likely cause of this issue?
There is a password mismatch due to authentication settings
The routers are configured with different process IDs
The hello and dead timers are mismatched between the routers
The network types on the serial interfaces are mismatched
In OSPF (Open Shortest Path First), if a neighbor remains in the 'INIT' state, it means that a router is receiving hello packets from its neighbor but its own hello packets are not being acknowledged. The most common reason for this is mismatched hello and dead timers between the routers. OSPF requires these timers to be identical on both ends to form a full adjacency. Authentication mismatches or different network types typically prevent any adjacency from forming, not just keep it in the 'INIT' state. Using different process IDs does not affect neighbor relationships as long as the routers are in the same area and have matching network statements.
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Cisco CCNA 200-301
IP Connectivity
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