Jordan operates a construction site and negligently secures scaffolding, causing a plank to fall and injure Sam. While Jordan is transporting Sam to the hospital, a sudden lightning storm causes a car accident that results in further injuries to Sam. Jordan sues for damages related to the initial negligence. The driver involved in the car accident argues that the lightning storm was a superseding cause that breaks the chain of causation. Which of the following best supports the driver’s argument?
The lightning storm was an unpredictable and extraordinary event.
Sam had a pre-existing medical condition that worsened after the accident.
Jordan failed to follow standard safety protocols at the construction site.
The driver was not wearing a seatbelt at the time of the accident.
A sudden lightning storm is an unforeseeable and independent event that interrupts the causal chain from Jordan's negligence to Sam's additional injuries, making it a superseding cause. The other options either relate to factors that do not break the causal chain or are related to Jordan's original negligence.
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What is a superseding cause?
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