Under the 10th Amendment, which principle governs the federal government's authority over states in implementing federal regulatory programs?
States may be required to comply with federal directives under the Supremacy Clause, including enacting or enforcing federal policies under proper constitutional authority.
Federal agencies may delegate enforcement responsibilities to state officials if Congress has provided specific legal authorization for such delegation.
The federal government can require state legislatures to pass laws under legally permissible circumstances as determined by Congress.
The anti-commandeering doctrine limits the federal government from requiring states to implement federal regulatory programs.
The correct answer highlights the anti-commandeering doctrine, which prevents the federal government from requiring states to implement or enforce federal regulations. This doctrine, articulated in cases such as New York v. United States and Printz v. United States, ensures states retain sovereignty by prohibiting federal compulsion in regulatory enforcement. Other options are incorrect because they misinterpret the limits of federal power or introduce principles not supported by constitutional law. For example, Congress cannot impose general obligations on states without specific constitutional authorization, and federal delegation must adhere to strict guidelines and specificity.
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What is the anti-commandeering doctrine?
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How do the cases *New York v. United States* and *Printz v. United States* illustrate the anti-commandeering doctrine?
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What implications does the anti-commandeering doctrine have for federal-state relations?