The i flag in the attribute string marks the file as immutable, preventing changes regardless of permissions, ownership, or ACLs. The chattr -i command removes this flag. Adjusting write bits with chmod, removing ACL entries with setfacl, or changing ownership do not override the immutable attribute.
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What does the 'immutable' attribute mean in the context of Linux file permissions?
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How do file permissions and attributes differ in Linux?
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